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Data Communication & Networks Mam Sidra Malik


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Old 29-01-2008, 02:34 PM
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Cool Assignment: uses of Different types of MEDIA...

Unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
  • telephone systems, both indoors and out
  • computer networking.
  • UTP cables are often called ethernet cables after Ethernet, (LAN)
  • The most common data networking standard that utilizes UTP cables.
uses of Coaxial cables:
  • home video equipment,
  • In ham radio setups, and in measurement electronics.
  • Common for implementing computer networks, in particular Ethernet,but twisted pair cables have replaced them in most applications except in the growing consumer cable modem market for broadband Internet access.
  • Long distance coaxial cable is used to connect radio networks and television networks,
  • Micro coaxial cables are used in a range of consumer devices, military equipment, and also in ultra-sound scanning equipment.
The most common impedances that are widely used are 50 or 52 ohms, and 75 ohms, although other impedances are available for specific applications.
  • The 50 / 52 ohm cables are widely used for industrial and commercial two-way radio frequency applications (including radio, and telecommunications), although 75 ohms is commonly used for broadcast television and radio


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Old 10-02-2008, 08:04 PM
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Default Re: Assignment: uses of Different types of MEDIA...

Asalam o Alaikum! Dear yeh wali assignment madem Sidra ko submit karwani hay.. I am also attaching the .DOC file here for u. Just download it and Print in Out ...

Applications of Different types of Unguided Media
Radio waves:
Radio waves are omni directional waves. Its means the can travel every where. These electromagnetic waves ranging in frequency between 3 kHz and 1 GHz. These waves have penetrating properties. Five applications of Radio waves are given below.
?There an omni directional property makes them useful for multicasting, in which there is one sender but many receivers.
?Radio waves are used in FM. And AM Radios.
? Nikola Tesla filed his basic radio patent applications in 1897. They were granted in 1900. Marconi's first patent application in America, filed on November 10, 1900, was turned down
?These waves are also used in cordless phones and paging.
?Radio waves are also used in Mari time radio and Television.
?Scientists at Rice University and the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston are injecting carbon nanometers into tumors, then hitting the tumors with radio waves
Microwaves:
These are unguided type of media. Electromagnetic waves having frequencies 1 GHz to 300 GHz are called micro waves. These are unidirectional. Its means when antenna transmits these waves, they can be narrowly focused, sending and receiving antenna need to be aligned. These waves are used for unicast communication. There are following applications of Microwaves.
?These are used in cellular phones
?Microwaves are also used in satellite networks and wireless LANs.
?Parabolic dish antenna and Horn antenna are also the applications of Microwaves.
?Microwave irradiation can alter the rate of enzyme-
?catalyzed reactions, although the role of any non-
?thermal factors in such processes is controversial.
?Medical Applications of Microwaves:
1.This is a fairly new activity started late 1996.
2.Motivated by links with Bath University?s Microwave Medical Devices Group leader (Prof. N J Cronin) and Microsulis plc
3.We were responsible for introducing the first Microwave Endometrial Ablation (MEA) system outside the UK.
4.Currently provide technical support for running this system in a private hospital
5.Other project in the pipeline: Treatment of viral warts by application of low-power microwave energy. This project is in collaboration with the Bath Group and Microsulis. Field trials should start in Malta early 2000.

Infrared waves:
These waves are ranging from 300 GHz frequency to 400 THz.. These are also unidirectional like microwaves. The applications of Infrared waves are mentioned here. There waves are very useful
?Infrared band, almost 400 THz, has an excellent for data transmission. Such a wide bandwidth is used to transmit digital data with a very high data rate.
?The Infrared Data Association (IrDA) has established standards for using these signals for communication between devices such as keyboard, mouse, printers and PCS.
?IrDA port allows a wireless keyboard to communicate with PC.
?The data transfer rate of the infrared port is 4 Mbps.
?These signals can be used for short range communication in closed area line of sight propagation.
?Infrared radiation can be used to remotely determine the temperature of objects (if the emissivity is known). This is termed thermography
?Infrared tracking, also known as infrared homing, refers to a passive missile guidance system which uses the emission from a target of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared part of the spectrum to track it.
?Infrared radiation can be used as a deliberate heating source. For example it is used in infrared saunas to heat the occupants, and also to remove ice from the wings of aircraft (de-icing)
?Infrared vibrational spectroscopy (see also near infrared spectroscopy) is a technique which can be used to identify molecules by analysis of their constituent bonds.
?In the field of climatology, atmospheric infrared radiation is monitored to detect trends in the energy exchange between the earth and the atmosphere.
?Astronomers observe objects in the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum using optical components, including mirrors, lenses and solid state digital detectors.
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