Introduction to IT (2) 2 Attachment(s) Communication Networks: It is an interconnection of different locations through a medium that enables people to send and receive Information. Data processing Life Cycle (DPLC): It is a collection of steps required to convert data into information. Steps of Data Processing Life Cycle:
? It has a large central system with terminals as clients. ? All processing is done by the large systems and Terminals are Only for Input & Output Characteristics of Centralized Environment: ? All loads are On the Server. ? All Clients deliver a request to the server ? Client has only a keyboard & a Mouse. ? It is a time wasting ? Client has no processing Power. Distributed Environment: ? In this environment client has their own processing power. ? Central systems / Servers are only used for storage. Characteristics of Distributed Environment: ? Client has the Processing Power. ? Client can locally process their Information. ? It is a time saving. ? Load on the server is less. Networks: Networks are groups of computers connected together by some type of media to allow them to share the information. Clients: Clients send the request to the server. Server: Server fulfills the request of Client. Types of Networks: There are three types of Networks
? The smallest Network size is LAN. ? LAN?s are normally contained in Buildings. Characteristics of LAN a) High Speed b) Inexpensive Price c) Smallest error counts MAN: ? MAN is a group of LAN?s ? MAN is slower than LAN ? Have Few errors of the Network WAN: ? WAN is the Largest Area Network ? WAN Can Connect Networks across Cities, States, or Even in the Whole World. ? It is Much Slower than LAN Components of Computer:
A hardware Component used to enter the data & instruction to the computer is called input device. Output Devices: A hardware Component used to display the information to USER is called Output Device. System Unit: It is box that contains different electronic components of Computer. v It Protects the Internal Components from Damage. v The Electronic circuits in the system unit are connected to the Motherboard Storage Devices: The hardware component used to store the data and Information Permanently Communication Devices: The hardware component used to communicate & Exchange data, instructions & Information with other devices are called communication Devices. E.g. Modem: It enables computer to communicate with other computers via telephone lines & cables. |
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